Pros and Cons of Hormone Replacement Therapy

Here is what scientists can say so far about the advantages and disadvantages of hormone replacement therapy (HRT--estrogen and progesterone) and estrogen replacement therapy (ERT--estrogen alone). More research is underway.

Pros of Hormone Replacement Therapy

• HRT and ERT reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
  
  
• HRT and ERT relieve hot flashes.
  
  
• HRT and ERT reduce the risk of heart disease.
  
  
• HRT and ERT may improve mood and psychological well-being.

Cons of Hormone Replacement Therapy

• ERT increases the risk of cancer of the uterus (endometrial cancer).
  
  
• HRT can have unpleasant side effects, such as bloating or irritability.
  
  
• HRT and ERT may increase risk of breast cancer; long-term use may pose the greatest risk.
  
  
• In women with blood clots, HRT and ERT may be dangerous.

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Reproduced from the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health.

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